Marine compass.



H.}HBRTZBBRG. MARINE oMPAss. v` APPLICATION FILED KAY 31. 1907.

Patented Dea-27,1910.

harnesses r rlrronaers UNrTED STATES PATENT oFFicE.

HABBYHERTZBERG, 0F NEW YORK,y N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 ABBOTpA. LOW, 0FHORSESHOE,

NEW YORK; MAURICE J. WOHL, OF NEW BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, TRUSTEES.

vYORK, N. Y., AND HARRY HERTZBERG, OF

MARINEA COMPASS.

Specication of Letters Patent. i Patented Dec. 27, 1910.

Original application tiled August 14, 1906, Serial No. 330,613. Dividedand this application 'filed Kay 31,

r 1907. Serial No. 376,728. i

To all whom it may concern: Beit known that I, HARRY HERTZBERG, acitizen. yof the United States, residing 1n -the city of New York,borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, andState of New York, haveinvented a certain new and useful Marine Compass, of which the followingis a v electric spark whichA may be ,"making and breaking the circuitdue tothe .45

specification.

The subjectmatter of this application is aA division of a priorapplication filed by me on Aug.,4 14, 1906, Seria No. 330,613, for aninvention appertainin vto steering a pa-v us. for marine vesse s,torpedoes, an 4the 'The invention is a compass for use in con'- 'nectionwith, or as a part of, a system for steerin marine-vessels, torpedoes,and any or all c asses-of marine craft.

A salient feature of the compass forming thesubject matter of' thisapplication is a non-spillable cup which is contained within a vbox orca sin Said Acup is adapted to contain a liqui in which 1s a float whichsustains apart of the weight of a staif for the magnetic needle, wherebysaid staff and the needle are mounted to rotate with ease and freedom. 1

Another element of the compass, in a preferred form of the invention, isa circuit controller adapted to be operated by the stati', saidcontroller being 1n the compass box and arranged to open and close,an'electric circuit or circuits, the terminals or contacts of vwhichare contalned, also, wi'tlnn said compass box.L

The liquid is confined in the aforesaid cup 4 against loss by thepitching or rolling` of the vessel, craft, or the like.- Furthermore,the liquid in the cup is some dist-ance away from the circuit controllerand the terminals or' .contacts of `the aforesaid circuit, thuskeepingthe liquidaway from the path otan engagement of the controllerwitl, orits disen'agement from, the aforesaid terminals.

roduced by'` shown pass embodying the invention. Fig.'2 is a verticalcross sect-ion on the line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a sectionalplan'View on the line 3-3 ofFig. 2.

A designates a compass box or easing which may be composed of anysuitable material and made in appropriate shapes and sizes.l Said boit`or casing is substantially airv and'liquid tight, `Vand as is usual int-he art, the upper part of the casing is closed by' a transparent topor cover, B, the latter being secured in a suitable way to and withinthe upper edge portion of sai-d casing.

. C designates a non-spillable cup adapted t0 contain a liquidsubstantially as indicated inA Fig. 2 of the drawings.' Said cup may becomposed of any suitable material, such as glass, as represented in Fig.2, and said cup may be of any appropriate size to contain a sutlicientquantity of liquid adapted to sus'- tain a float, indicated at D, whichfloatsupports the wei htof a stall, E, and the de vices carried y saidstaff. The cup, C, is secured in a; suitable way to the bottoni` fz, ofthe box or casing, A, and said/cup has its mouth portion, c, curvedinwardly and downwardly, as shown in Fig. 2, whereby1 said mouth portionleaves an' opening,` c in the central upper portion of the cup for thepassage therethrough of the lower part of thestaif, E. Said stati' ispointed atf its ends as indicated at e, the lower end of the staff beingstepped centrally in the bottom of the cup, C. The upper pointed end, c,of said statt' may be mounted in the compass box or casing in a suitableway, but as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the transparent top, B, is providedwith a bearing, b, having in iis underside a recess adapted for thereception of the upper pointed end of the staff, E. It will be seen thatthe staff is mounted at its ends in the cup, C, and in the cover, B, andfurther, that the staff extends loosel throu h the central opening, o',of sai cup, whereb the stuit is adaptedto turn. freely within tiecompass box or casing.

The magnetic needle of the compass con- 10 0 sists of a plurality ofpermanent magnets` F, and a dial, F', all of which are secured' firmlyto the' stai' in a suitable way so as to turn therewith. As shown in F1'12, the compassis provided with a series o lpermanent bar magnets,three in number, all arw gare employed they may the com ass,

grees`o a circle. The dial turns with the'v .40k merged in the littuidof th i ranged in the same Vertical plane, with their north magneticoles on one side of the staff, and with t eir south magnetic poles i on,the opposite side 4of said sta The particular arrangement of the barmagnets, and the number of said ma l, a/'materialfeature of t isinvention, for the i'eason that thenumber may be varied as desired, andwhere -two or'more magnets be arranged in any 'suitable or preferredmanner.' It is evident, however, that the ma ets should be securedcentrally-on the sta in order to. balance them thereon.

15 Thedial, F', may be composed of metal, paper, celluloid, or any otherappropriate material'. Said dial is secured on the stall', E, above theplurality 'of permanent magn ts thereon, said dial being arranged, pref-2G eiihbly below the transparent cover,l B, iwpereby the dial concealsthe plurality of mlgnets and is visible through the top, B. Said 'dialis provided with a chart which is "inscribed to designate the cardinalpoints of stati", E, and it is'a'dapted to coperate with suitableindexlmarks, technically known as the lubberl lines indicated at f inFig. l. The oat',D, is composed of suitable buoy'A ant matenial, and asshown in Fig. 2, saidV i float consists of a web, (Z, and a rim, d. For

the purpose of this invention the float is composed of`cork, but it isevident that the rim, d', only may be made of cork while the fyveb, d,may be composed of other ap roprif `ate moisturel proof materi 1. The Wed, of the ioat is fastened rig@ y to the staff, E, 'and the entirefidati litt,"preferably,y subefcup, (l, whereby fthe float -is adapted.to partly sustain the iweight of the permanent magnets, the dial, 1" anda circuit controller, H, The staff is thus mounted within the compassbox to tu'rn easily and freely t rein.

The circuit contr ller, H, is shown consisting of a metallic bar whichis secured at its middle to the statt, E, preferably at a point belowthe dial, Ii", whereby said con troller is concealed by the diaL Otherforms of circuit cont-rollers may, however, be emi,

ployed. Said circuit controller is adapted :to cooperate with thecontacts, k, h', and ,z", said contacts being disposed within the upperpart of the compass box, and su ported therein by suitable means, suchast e shelf or bracket,l. The contacts, k, It', are em# ployed inconnection with suitable wires'or conductors which form one branch of anelectrically operated helm controlling cir'- cuit, whereas the othercontacts, z', i', are the 'terminals of another lbranch of said electriccircuit. The wires or conductors (not shown) of the 35 circuit areadapted tobe led or extended been ets is not, however,`

twobranches of the electrical through the compass box in an obviousman-l ner in order that they may be connected withl the contacts, Il.,h', and 15,2. The circuit controller, H, is rotated within the compassbox by the movement of the magnetic needle, 70 and an end portion ofsaid controller plays between the twosets of terminals, whereby saidcontroller is adapted to close either branch of the electric circuit byenga "ing with the terminals thereof. When the controller, H, is shiftedin one direct-ion by the deflection of the magnetic needle, it engageswith the terminals, h, h', for the purpose of closing one branch of theelectric circuit, but when the controller is moved in an oppositedirection by the action of the magnetic needle its end makes contactwith the terminals, i, i', and thereby closes the other branch of saidelectric circuit. It is evident that the controller is normally freefrom engagement with the terminals of the twocircuit branches so thatsaid controller occupies a neutral position between the aforesaid ter-:,minals. the steering Vpoints and the de-f fvf When the courseof avessel is determined pon thesteering apparatus employed in onnectionwith the compass herein de lribed operates automatically to guide orprdirect the vessel in a substantially straight Iurse, but the action ofvcurrents and the I Notion of waves on the craft changes the "bourse ofthe -vessel in one direction or the other so that the magnetic needlewill dip ,one way or the other, whereuponth'e controller engages withthe pair of terminals, as lr, It', for closing one branch of theelectric circuit, whereby the steering engine is actw ated to restorethe vessel to its course.- Simik larly, the deflection of the needle inan opposite direction makes the controller enga-ge with the other pairof contacts, i, thereby' closing the other branch of the aforesaidelectric circuit for the purpose .of a ain operating .the steeringengine and shi ting the helm of. the craft, thus again restoring thevessel on its course. A deviation of the craft from a predeterminedcourse is comparatively slight for the reason that the compass acts'4automatically to at once operate the steering mechanism, thereby movingthe helm and correcting the path of the vessel.

It is evident that the' compass box or cas- .ing may be mounted in themanner disclosed 1n my prior ap lication for .the purpose of operatingit by and.

The compass is deadbeat in its,opera tion, thatl is to say, thevneedleis not affected by the pitching or rolling of the vessel or craft onwhich it ismounted.. This is due to4 the empltyment of the'oat, D,workin inthe liqui of the clip, C, the frictiona resistance o f said cup'to the 'motion of the float operating to overcome sudden fluctuation ormotion of the needle.

v Having thus fully described the invention,

purl. (ijf fsuifl mp7 (lu` luwm' mul of ,Quill Sl'afl' heilig uuululmlin *thu wup nml llw uppol' und lhlfi'wl" iii [hv lwuiiug' nl' lhicnsil'ig, n ningiu-.liu lumrllc nu ilu: stall' fxl'lriorly tu Saul rui),u uil-cuil uuuliullvl' rfzliiiml lily the Stull, f'ix'cuil lvi'luiluilsiu llw` path Of Suhl circuit -m1ti-ull0i, :unl :i lunl. :illuvhcd (o thestuff zuul imuicrsml in liquid .zidnptml to be Corb t'niuml in Huid cup'fur thvl 'pui-)ose 0f :susA luiuing, p1in'iuril-v, thv, Weight Oil Saidneedle mul the circ-uit c0nl10llei'.

lu lnx-timmy wlu-rof l have signed my immo l0 this spmiiliculi iu in thepresume. uf (wo sulivriliiug witnesses. H A RRY HERTZBERG. W iluessub:

li. C. R. 'rNmfziz, JOSEPH F. ARAN.

